Cooking meat produces carcinogen with estrogenic effects

Posted: June 8, 2014

Study:	The cooked meat-derived mammary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) elicits estrogenic-like microRNA responses in breast cancer cells Cite Papaioannou M, Koufaris C, Gooderham N. The cooked meat-derived mammary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) elicits estrogenic-like microRNA responses in breast cancer cells. Toxicology Letters. Elsevier BV; 2014; 229:9-16 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.05.021
Publication:	Toxicology Letters, May 2014

Study:

The cooked meat-derived mammary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) elicits estrogenic-like microRNA responses in breast cancer cells Cite

Papaioannou M, Koufaris C, Gooderham N. The cooked meat-derived mammary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) elicits estrogenic-like microRNA responses in breast cancer cells. Toxicology Letters. Elsevier BV; 2014; 229:9-16 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.05.021

Publication:

Toxicology Letters, May 2014

Cooking meat produces estrogenic carcinogen

The study referenced above was designed to investigate the mechanism of action by which a common HCA increases breast cancer risk. Cooking of meat produces HCAs, of which 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo|4,5-b|pyridine (PhIP) is the most abundant. PhIP has previously been shown to have DNA damaging and mutagenic activities.

In addition, PhIP has been reported to have estrogenic effects that could contribute to breast-specific carcinogenicity. To conduct the study, the authors examined the effect of treatment with PhIP and the estrogen 17-β-estradiol (E2) on global microRNA (miRNA) expression of hormone receptor positive (ER+/PR+) MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

Both PhIP and E2 caused widespread and largely similar effects on the expression of miRNA. Many of the affected miRNA have been implicated in the development and progression of breast cancer.

The authors conclude that PhIP might induce widespread effects by means of the activation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). In addition, deregulation of miRNA by PhIP could potentially be an important mechanism in breast cancer promotion that does not involve damage to DNA.

Please see our article on what ER+ breast cancer patients and survivors should eat more information.

Selected breast cancer studies

Dietary protein sources in early adulthood and breast cancer incidence: prospective cohort study Cite
Farvid MS, Cho E, Chen WY, Eliassen AH, Willett WC. Dietary protein sources in early adulthood and breast cancer incidence: prospective cohort study. BMJ. BMJ; 2014; 348:g3437-g3437 10.1136/bmj.g3437
Effects of varying degrees of doneness on the formation of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in chicken and beef satay Cite
Jinap S, Mohd-Mokhtar M, Farhadian A, Hasnol N, Jaafar S, Hajeb P. Effects of varying degrees of doneness on the formation of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in chicken and beef satay. Meat Science. Elsevier BV; 2013; 94:202-207 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.01.013
Content of heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in pork, beef and chicken barbecued at home by Danish consumers Cite
Aaslyng MD, Duedahl-Olesen L, Jensen K, Meinert L. Content of heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in pork, beef and chicken barbecued at home by Danish consumers. Meat Science. Elsevier BV; 2013; 93:85-91 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.08.004
Occurrence of heterocyclic amines in cooked meat products Cite
Puangsombat K, Gadgil P, Houser TA, Hunt MC, Smith JS. Occurrence of heterocyclic amines in cooked meat products. Meat Science. Elsevier BV; 2012; 90:739-746 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.11.005
Well-done meat intake and meat-derived mutagen exposures in relation to breast cancer risk: the Nashville Breast Health Study Cite
Fu Z, Deming SL, Fair AM, Shrubsole MJ, Wujcik DM, Shu X, et al. Well-done meat intake and meat-derived mutagen exposures in relation to breast cancer risk: the Nashville Breast Health Study. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2011; 129:919-928 10.1007/s10549-011-1538-7
The cooked meat-derived mammary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine promotes invasive behaviour of breast cancer cells Cite
Lauber SN, Gooderham NJ. The cooked meat-derived mammary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine promotes invasive behaviour of breast cancer cells. Toxicology. Elsevier BV; 2011; 279:139-145 10.1016/j.tox.2010.10.004
Dietary intake of meat and meat-derived heterocyclic aromatic amines and their correlation with DNA adducts in female breast tissue Cite
Rohrmann S, Lukas Jung S, Linseisen J, Pfau W. Dietary intake of meat and meat-derived heterocyclic aromatic amines and their correlation with DNA adducts in female breast tissue. Mutagenesis. Oxford University Press (OUP); 2008; 24:127-132 10.1093/mutage/gen058
Quantitation of 13 Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Cooked Beef, Pork, and Chicken by Liquid Chromatography−Electrospray Ionization/Tandem Mass Spectrometry Cite
Ni W, McNaughton L, LeMaster DM, Sinha R, Turesky RJ. Quantitation of 13 Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Cooked Beef, Pork, and Chicken by Liquid Chromatography−Electrospray Ionization/Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. American Chemical Society (ACS); 2008; 56:68-78 10.1021/jf072461a
The Cooked Meat–Derived Genotoxic Carcinogen 2-Amino-3-Methylimidazo[4,5-b]Pyridine Has Potent Hormone-Like Activity: Mechanistic Support for a Role in Breast Cancer Cite
Lauber SN, Gooderham NJ. The Cooked Meat–Derived Genotoxic Carcinogen 2-Amino-3-Methylimidazo[4,5-b]Pyridine Has Potent Hormone-Like Activity: Mechanistic Support for a Role in Breast Cancer. Cancer Research. American Association for Cancer Research (AACR); 2007; 67:9597-9602 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-1661
Cooked Meat and Risk of Breast Cancer???Lifetime Versus Recent Dietary Intake Cite
Steck SE, Gaudet MM, Eng SM, Britton JA, Teitelbaum SL, Neugut AI, et al. Cooked Meat and Risk of Breast Cancer???Lifetime Versus Recent Dietary Intake. Epidemiology. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health); 2007; 18:373-382 10.1097/01.ede.0000259968.11151.06

Selected breast cancer studies

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