Tag: anesthesiaMorphine

Articles

• Morphine during surgery might increase risk of metastasis

Studies

• Inhaled anesthesia associated with reduced mortality in patients with stage III breast cancer: A population-based study Cite
  Kuo ET, Kuo C, Lin C. Inhaled anesthesia associated with reduced mortality in patients with stage III breast cancer: A population-based study. PLOS ONE. Public Library of Science (PLoS); 2024; 19:e0289519 10.1371/journal.pone.0289519
• Activation of epidermal growth factor receptors in triple-negative breast cancer cells by morphine; analysis through Raman spectroscopy and machine learning Cite
  Sezer G, Sahin F, Onses MS, Cumaoglu A. Activation of epidermal growth factor receptors in triple-negative breast cancer cells by morphine; analysis through Raman spectroscopy and machine learning. Talanta. Elsevier BV; 2024;:125827 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125827
• Anesthesia-related intervention for long-term survival and cancer recurrence following breast cancer surgery: A systematic review of prospective studies Cite
  Yang Y, Zhang Y, Tang Y, Zhang J. Anesthesia-related intervention for long-term survival and cancer recurrence following breast cancer surgery: A systematic review of prospective studies. PLOS ONE. Public Library of Science (PLoS); 2023; 18:e0296158 10.1371/journal.pone.0296158
• Ketamine Promoted Breast Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Through Up-regulating Wnt, BMP, and EGFR Signaling Cite
  CHEN L, CHEN S, SHIH C, HUANG Z, CHEN L, CHEN K. Ketamine Promoted Breast Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Through Up-regulating Wnt, BMP, and EGFR Signaling. Anticancer Research. Anticancer Research USA Inc.; 2023; 43:5415-5424 10.21873/anticanres.16745
• Type of anesthesia for cancer resection surgery: No differential impact on cancer recurrence in mouse models of breast cancer Cite
  Dubowitz J, Ziegler AI, Beare R, Jost-Brinkmann F, Walker AK, Gillis RD, et al. Type of anesthesia for cancer resection surgery: No differential impact on cancer recurrence in mouse models of breast cancer. PLOS ONE. Public Library of Science (PLoS); 2023; 18:e0293905 10.1371/journal.pone.0293905
• Effect of Peritumoral Infiltration of Local Anesthetic Before Surgery on Survival in Early Breast Cancer Cite
  Badwe RA, Parmar V, Nair N, Joshi S, Hawaldar R, Pawar S, et al. Effect of Peritumoral Infiltration of Local Anesthetic Before Surgery on Survival in Early Breast Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO); 2023; 10.1200/jco.22.01966
• Ketamine promotes breast tumor growth in a mouse breast tumor model involving with high expression of miR-27b-3p and EGFR Cite
  Chen L, Shih C, Chen S, Huang Z, Chang Y, Chen L, et al. Ketamine promotes breast tumor growth in a mouse breast tumor model involving with high expression of miR-27b-3p and EGFR. Investigational New Drugs. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2022; 10.1007/s10637-022-01291-x
• The Use of Pectoralis Blocks in Breast Surgery: A Practice Advisory and Narrative Review from the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia (SAMBA) Cite
  Ardon AE, George JE, Gupta K, O’Rourke MJ, Seering MS, Tokita HK, et al. The Use of Pectoralis Blocks in Breast Surgery: A Practice Advisory and Narrative Review from the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia (SAMBA). Annals of Surgical Oncology. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2022; 29:4777-4786 10.1245/s10434-022-11724-9
• Beta 2 adrenergic receptor and mu opioid receptor interact to potentiate the aggressiveness of human breast cancer cell by activating the glycogen synthase kinase 3 signaling Cite
  Rousseau B, Murugan S, Palagani A, Sarkar DK. Beta 2 adrenergic receptor and mu opioid receptor interact to potentiate the aggressiveness of human breast cancer cell by activating the glycogen synthase kinase 3 signaling. Breast Cancer Research. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2022; 24 10.1186/s13058-022-01526-y
• Opioids and cancer survival: are we looking in the wrong place? Cite
  Giakomidi D, Bird MF, Lambert DG. Opioids and cancer survival: are we looking in the wrong place?. BJA Open. Elsevier BV; 2022; 2:100010 10.1016/j.bjao.2022.100010
• The Influence of Analgesic Modalities on Postoperative Cancer Recurrence Cite
  Edinoff AN, Derise OC, Sheppard AJ, Miriyala S, Virgen CG, Kaye AJ, et al. The Influence of Analgesic Modalities on Postoperative Cancer Recurrence. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine. Briefland; 2022; 12 10.5812/aapm.123463
• Effects of various anaesthetic techniques on haemodynamic stability and inflammatory cytokine (IL-6) level in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery Cite
  Sharma DA, Thomas DA, Gogna DR. Effects of various anaesthetic techniques on haemodynamic stability and inflammatory cytokine (IL-6) level in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery. International Journal of Medical Anesthesiology. Comprehensive Publications; 2021; 4:158-161 10.33545/26643766.2021.v4.i2c.246
• Effect of anaesthesia for mastectomy on cell-mediated immunity in dogs with mammary cancer Cite
  Karayannopoulou M, Anagnostou T, Margariti A, Kritsepi-Konstantinou M, Psalla D, Savvas I, et al. Effect of anaesthesia for mastectomy on cell-mediated immunity in dogs with mammary cancer. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia. Elsevier BV; 2022; 10.1016/j.vaa.2021.09.019
• Can anesthetic effects and pain treatment influence the long-term prognosis of early-stage lymph node-negative breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery? Cite
  Lu Y, Liu T, Wang P, Chen Y, Ji F, Hernanz F, et al. Can anesthetic effects and pain treatment influence the long-term prognosis of early-stage lymph node-negative breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery?. Annals of Translational Medicine. AME Publishing Company; 2021; 9:1467-1467 10.21037/atm-21-4392
• Comparative analysis of the effects of opioids in angiogenesis Cite
  Feng T, Zeng S, Ding J, Chen G, Wang B, Wang D, et al. Comparative analysis of the effects of opioids in angiogenesis. BMC Anesthesiology. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2021; 21 10.1186/s12871-021-01475-7
• Opioid-free anesthesia versus opioid-inclusive anesthesia for breast cancer surgery: a retrospective study Cite
  Di Benedetto P, Pelli M, Loffredo C, La Regina R, Policastro F, Fiorelli S, et al. Opioid-free anesthesia versus opioid-inclusive anesthesia for breast cancer surgery: a retrospective study. Journal of Anesthesia, Analgesia and Critical Care. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2021; 1 10.1186/s44158-021-00008-5
• Utility of Pecs Block for Perioperative Opioid-Sparing Analgesia in Cancer-Related Breast Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial Cite
  Kurien RK, Salins SR, Jacob PM, Thomas K. Utility of Pecs Block for Perioperative Opioid-Sparing Analgesia in Cancer-Related Breast Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2021; 10.1007/s13193-021-01382-w
• Intraoperative Ketorolac is Associated with Risk of Reoperation After Mastectomy: A Single-Center Examination Cite
  McCormick PJ, Assel M, Van Zee KJ, Vickers AJ, Nelson JA, Morrow M, et al. Intraoperative Ketorolac is Associated with Risk of Reoperation After Mastectomy: A Single-Center Examination. Annals of Surgical Oncology. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2021; 28:5134-5140 10.1245/s10434-021-09722-4
• Intraoperative opioid exposure, tumour genomic alterations, and survival differences in people with lung adenocarcinoma Cite
  Connolly JG, Tan KS, Mastrogiacomo B, Dycoco J, Caso R, Jones GD, et al. Intraoperative opioid exposure, tumour genomic alterations, and survival differences in people with lung adenocarcinoma. British Journal of Anaesthesia. Elsevier BV; 2021; 127:75-84 10.1016/j.bja.2021.03.030
• Paravertebral block in regional anesthesia with propofol sedation reduces locoregional recurrence in patients with breast cancer receiving breast conservative surgery compared with volatile inhalational without propofol in general anesthesia Cite
  Zhang J, Chang C, Lu C, Chen H, Wu S. Paravertebral block in regional anesthesia with propofol sedation reduces locoregional recurrence in patients with breast cancer receiving breast conservative surgery compared with volatile inhalational without propofol in general anesthesia. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. Elsevier BV; 2021; 142:111991 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111991
• Intraoperative opioids are associated with improved recurrence-free survival in triple-negative breast cancer Cite
  Montagna G, Gupta HV, Hannum M, Tan KS, Lee J, Scarpa JR, et al. Intraoperative opioids are associated with improved recurrence-free survival in triple-negative breast cancer. British Journal of Anaesthesia. Elsevier BV; 2021; 126:367-376 10.1016/j.bja.2020.10.021
• Opioid-Sparing Multimodal Analgesia Protocol for Lumpectomy Patients Results in Superior Postoperative Pain Control Cite
  Morin C, Patel Y, Javid M, Tevis SE, Fortes T, Flom P, et al. Opioid-Sparing Multimodal Analgesia Protocol for Lumpectomy Patients Results in Superior Postoperative Pain Control. Annals of Surgical Oncology. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2021; 28:5855-5864 10.1245/s10434-021-09963-3
• Breast Cancer and Anaesthesia: Genetic Influence Cite
  Raigon Ponferrada A, Guerrero Orriach JL, Molina Ruiz JC, Romero Molina S, Cruz Mañas J. Breast Cancer and Anaesthesia: Genetic Influence. MDPI AG; 2021; 10.20944/preprints202106.0040.v1
• Morphine Deteriorates Cisplatin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats and Induces Dose-Dependent Cisplatin Chemoresistance in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells Cite
  El-Sheikh AAK, Khired Z. Morphine Deteriorates Cisplatin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats and Induces Dose-Dependent Cisplatin Chemoresistance in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells. Cardiovascular Toxicology. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2021; 10.1007/s12012-021-09646-1
• Opioids drive breast cancer metastasis through the δ-opioid receptor and oncogenic STAT3 Cite
  Tripolt S, Neubauer HA, Knab VM, Elmer DP, Aberger F, Moriggl R, et al. Opioids drive breast cancer metastasis through the δ-opioid receptor and oncogenic STAT3. Neoplasia. Elsevier BV; 2021; 23:270-279 10.1016/j.neo.2020.12.011
• Effect of perioperative regional anesthesia on cancer recurrence: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Cite
  Lee ZX, Ng KT, Ang E, Wang CY, Binti Shariffuddin II. Effect of perioperative regional anesthesia on cancer recurrence: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International Journal of Surgery. Elsevier BV; 2020; 82:192-199 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.08.034
• Recurrence of breast cancer after anaesthesia Cite
  Moris D, Kontos M. Recurrence of breast cancer after anaesthesia. The Lancet. Elsevier BV; 2020; 396:376-377 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30489-x
• Awake breast cancer surgery: strategy in the beginning of COVID-19 emergency Cite
  Vanni G, Pellicciaro M, Materazzo M, Dauri M, D’angelillo RM, Buonomo C, et al. Awake breast cancer surgery: strategy in the beginning of COVID-19 emergency. Breast Cancer. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2020; 10.1007/s12282-020-01137-5
• Anesthetic techniques and recurrence of breast cancer: unanswered questions Cite
  Kim R, Kin T. Anesthetic techniques and recurrence of breast cancer: unanswered questions. Gland Surgery. AME Publishing Company; 2020; 9:490-494 10.21037/gs.2019.12.20
• Propranolol: What is BLOCKing Its Clinical Investigation in Breast Cancer? Cite
  Blaes AH, Domingo-Musibay E, Kalinsky K. Propranolol: What is BLOCKing Its Clinical Investigation in Breast Cancer?. Clinical Cancer Research. American Association for Cancer Research (AACR); 2020; 26:1781-1783 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-3818
• Distinct effects of general anesthetics on lung metastasis mediated by IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway in mouse models Cite
  Li R, Huang Y, Lin J. Distinct effects of general anesthetics on lung metastasis mediated by IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway in mouse models. Nature Communications. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2020; 11 10.1038/s41467-019-14065-6
• Preoperative β-Blockade with Propranolol Reduces Biomarkers of Metastasis in Breast Cancer: A Phase II Randomized Trial Cite
  Hiller JG, Cole SW, Crone EM, Byrne DJ, Shackleford DM, Pang JB, et al. Preoperative β-Blockade with Propranolol Reduces Biomarkers of Metastasis in Breast Cancer: A Phase II Randomized Trial. Clinical Cancer Research. American Association for Cancer Research (AACR); 2019; 26:1803-1811 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2641
• Recurrence of breast cancer after regional or general anaesthesia: a randomised controlled trial Cite
  Sessler DI, Pei L, Huang Y, Fleischmann E, Marhofer P, Kurz A, et al. Recurrence of breast cancer after regional or general anaesthesia: a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. Elsevier BV; 2019; 394:1807-1815 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32313-x
• Tramadol use is associated with enhanced postoperative outcomes in breast cancer patients: a retrospective clinical study with in vitro confirmation Cite
  Kim MH, Oh JE, Park S, Kim JH, Lee KY, Bai SJ, et al. Tramadol use is associated with enhanced postoperative outcomes in breast cancer patients: a retrospective clinical study with in vitro confirmation. British Journal of Anaesthesia. Elsevier BV; 2019; 123:865-876 10.1016/j.bja.2019.09.004
• Effects of Lidocaine and Src Inhibition on Metastasis in a Murine Model of Breast Cancer Surgery Cite
  Wall TP, Crowley PD, Sherwin A, Foley AG, Buggy DJ. Effects of Lidocaine and Src Inhibition on Metastasis in a Murine Model of Breast Cancer Surgery. Cancers. MDPI AG; 2019; 11:1414 10.3390/cancers11101414
• How Anesthetic, Analgesic and Other Non-Surgical Techniques During Cancer Surgery Might Affect Postoperative Oncologic Outcomes: A Summary of Current State of Evidence Cite
  Forget P, Aguirre JA, Bencic I, Borgeat A, Cama A, Condron C, et al. How Anesthetic, Analgesic and Other Non-Surgical Techniques During Cancer Surgery Might Affect Postoperative Oncologic Outcomes: A Summary of Current State of Evidence. Cancers. MDPI AG; 2019; 11:592 10.3390/cancers11050592
• The dual effect of morphine on tumor development Cite
  Tuerxun H, Cui J. The dual effect of morphine on tumor development. Clinical and Translational Oncology. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2018; 21:695-701 10.1007/s12094-018-1974-5
• Effects of local anesthetics on breast cancer cell viability and migration Cite
  Li R, Xiao C, Liu H, Huang Y, Dilger JP, Lin J. Effects of local anesthetics on breast cancer cell viability and migration. BMC Cancer. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2018; 18 10.1186/s12885-018-4576-2
• The effect of propofol and sevoflurane on cancer cell, natural killer cell, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte function in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery: an in vitro analysis Cite
  Lim J, Oh C, Yoon T, Lee JY, Lee S, Yoo Y, et al. The effect of propofol and sevoflurane on cancer cell, natural killer cell, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte function in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery: an in vitro analysis. BMC Cancer. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2018; 18 10.1186/s12885-018-4064-8
• Morphine alters the circulating proteolytic profile in mice: functional consequences on cellular migration and invasion Cite
  Xie N, Khabbazi S, Nassar ZD, Gregory K, Vithanage T, Anand‐Apte B, et al. Morphine alters the circulating proteolytic profile in mice: functional consequences on cellular migration and invasion. The FASEB Journal. Wiley; 2017; 31:5208-5216 10.1096/fj.201700546r
• P05.03 Morphine enhances doxorubicin uptake in an in vitro model of blood-brain barrier Cite
  Iorio A, da Ros M. P05.03 Morphine enhances doxorubicin uptake in an in vitro model of blood-brain barrier. Neuro-Oncology. Oxford University Press (OUP); 2016; 18:iv27-iv27 10.1093/neuonc/now188.090
• Upregulation and activation of δ-opioid receptors promotes the progression of human breast cancer Cite
  Wei Y, Zhang B, Li X, Liu X, Zhang J, Lei B, et al. Upregulation and activation of δ-opioid receptors promotes the progression of human breast cancer. Oncology Reports. Spandidos Publications; 2016; 36:2579-2586 10.3892/or.2016.5109
• Morphine decreases the pro-angiogenic interaction between breast cancer cells and macrophages in vitro Cite
  Khabbazi S, Nassar ZD, Goumon Y, Parat M. Morphine decreases the pro-angiogenic interaction between breast cancer cells and macrophages in vitro. Scientific Reports. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2016; 6 10.1038/srep31572
• Does Opioid Use Cause Angiogenesis and Metastasis? Cite
  Grandhi RK, Lee S, Abd-Elsayed A. Does Opioid Use Cause Angiogenesis and Metastasis?. Pain Medicine. Oxford University Press (OUP); 2016; 18:140-151 10.1093/pm/pnw132
• Inhibition of β2-adrenergic receptor reduces triple-negative breast cancer brain metastases: The potential benefit of perioperative β-blockade Cite
  CHOY C, RAYTIS JL, SMITH DD, DUENAS M, NEMAN J, JANDIAL R, et al. Inhibition of β2-adrenergic receptor reduces triple-negative breast cancer brain metastases: The potential benefit of perioperative β-blockade. Oncology Reports. Spandidos Publications; 2016; 35:3135-3142 10.3892/or.2016.4710
• Effects of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia on recurrence and overall survival in patients after modified radical mastectomy: a retrospective study Cite
  Lee JH, Kang SH, Kim Y, Kim HA, Kim BS. Effects of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia on recurrence and overall survival in patients after modified radical mastectomy: a retrospective study. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology. The Korean Society of Anesthesiologists; 2016; 69:126 10.4097/kjae.2016.69.2.126
• Morphine, a potential antagonist of cisplatin cytotoxicity, inhibits cisplatin-induced apoptosis and suppression of tumor growth in nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenografts Cite
  Cao L, Li H, Lin W, Tan H, Xie L, Zhong Z, et al. Morphine, a potential antagonist of cisplatin cytotoxicity, inhibits cisplatin-induced apoptosis and suppression of tumor growth in nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenografts. Scientific Reports. Springer Science and Business Media LLC; 2016; 6 10.1038/srep18706
• Ultrasound-Assisted Thoracic Paravertebral Block Reduces Intraoperative Opioid Requirement and Improves Analgesia after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled, Single-Center Trial Cite
  Pei L, Zhou Y, Tan G, Mao F, Yang D, Guan J, et al. Ultrasound-Assisted Thoracic Paravertebral Block Reduces Intraoperative Opioid Requirement and Improves Analgesia after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled, Single-Center Trial. PLOS ONE. Public Library of Science (PLoS); 2015; 10:e0142249 10.1371/journal.pone.0142249
• Cancer Recurrence and Regional Anesthesia: The Theories, the Data, and the Future in Outcomes Cite
  Le-Wendling L, Nin O, Capdevila X. Cancer Recurrence and Regional Anesthesia: The Theories, the Data, and the Future in Outcomes. Pain Medicine. Oxford University Press (OUP); 2016;:pme12893 10.1111/pme.12893
• Impact of anesthesia on cancer recurrence Cite
  Lee B, Cata J. Impact of anesthesia on cancer recurrence. Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación. Elsevier BV; 2015; 62:570-575 10.1016/j.redar.2015.04.003
• Morphine stimulates cancer progression and mast cell activation and impairs survival in transgenic mice with breast cancer Cite
  Nguyen J, Luk K, Vang D, Soto W, Vincent L, Robiner S, et al. Morphine stimulates cancer progression and mast cell activation and impairs survival in transgenic mice with breast cancer. British Journal of Anaesthesia. Elsevier BV; 2014; 113:i4-i13 10.1093/bja/aeu090
• Intraoperative use of ketorolac or diclofenac is associated with improved disease-free survival and overall survival in conservative breast cancer surgery Cite
  Forget P, Bentin C, Machiels J, Berliere M, Coulie P, De Kock M. Intraoperative use of ketorolac or diclofenac is associated with improved disease-free survival and overall survival in conservative breast cancer surgery. British Journal of Anaesthesia. Elsevier BV; 2014; 113:i82-i87 10.1093/bja/aet464
• Cancer surgery induces inflammation, immunosuppression and neo-angiogenesis, but is it influenced by analgesics? Cite
  Forget P, Simonet O, De Kock M. Cancer surgery induces inflammation, immunosuppression and neo-angiogenesis, but is it influenced by analgesics?. F1000Research. F1000 Research Ltd; 2013; 2:102 10.12688/f1000research.2-102.v1
• Chronic Morphine Treatment Attenuates Cell Growth of Human BT474 Breast Cancer Cells by Rearrangement of the ErbB Signalling Network Cite
  Weingaertner IR, Koutnik S, Ammer H. Chronic Morphine Treatment Attenuates Cell Growth of Human BT474 Breast Cancer Cells by Rearrangement of the ErbB Signalling Network. PLoS ONE. Public Library of Science (PLoS); 2013; 8:e53510 10.1371/journal.pone.0053510
• μ-Opioid Receptor Gene A118G Polymorphism Predicts Survival in Patients with Breast Cancer Cite
  Bortsov A, Millikan R, Belfer I, Boortz-Marx R, Arora H, McLean S. μ-Opioid Receptor Gene A118G Polymorphism Predicts Survival in Patients with Breast Cancer. Anesthesiology. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health); 2012; 116:896-902 10.1097/aln.0b013e31824b96a1
• Effect of anaesthetic technique on oestrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cell function in vitro † Cite
  Deegan C, Murray D, Doran P, Ecimovic P, Moriarty D, Buggy D. Effect of anaesthetic technique on oestrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cell function in vitro †. British Journal of Anaesthesia. Elsevier BV; 2009; 103:685-690 10.1093/bja/aep261
• Direct effect of morphine on breast cancer cell function in vitro : role of the NET1 gene Cite
  Ecimovic P, Murray D, Doran P, McDonald J, Lambert D, Buggy D. Direct effect of morphine on breast cancer cell function in vitro : role of the NET1 gene. British Journal of Anaesthesia. Elsevier BV; 2011; 107:916-923 10.1093/bja/aer259
• Do Intraoperative Analgesics Influence Breast Cancer Recurrence After Mastectomy? A Retrospective Analysis Cite
  Forget P, Vandenhende J, Berliere M, Machiels J, Nussbaum B, Legrand C, et al. Do Intraoperative Analgesics Influence Breast Cancer Recurrence After Mastectomy? A Retrospective Analysis. Anesthesia & Analgesia. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health); 2010; 110:1630-1635 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181d2ad07
• Can Anesthetic Technique for Primary Breast Cancer Surgery Affect Recurrence or Metastasis? Cite
  Exadaktylos A, Buggy D, Moriarty D, Mascha E, Sessler D. Can Anesthetic Technique for Primary Breast Cancer Surgery Affect Recurrence or Metastasis?. Anesthesiology. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health); 2006; 105:660-664 10.1097/00000542-200610000-00008